WELCOME BACK. A NEW WARNING ABOUT A NEW WARNING ABOUT THE POTENTIAL RISKS OF THE POTENTIAL RISKS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS STIRRING DEBATE OVER IS STIRRING DEBATE OVER HOW THE TECHNOLOGY SHOULD HOW THE TECHNOLOGY SHOULD BE DEVELOPED. BE DEVELOPED. THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY EXPERTS THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY EXPERTS ,TECH EXECUTIVES HAVE SIGNED ,TECH EXECUTIVES HAVE SIGNED ON TO A STATEMENT SAYING ON TO A STATEMENT SAYING MITIGATING THE RISK OF MITIGATING THE RISK OF EXTINCTION FROM A.I. SHOULD EXTINCTION FROM A.I. SHOULD BE A GLOBAL PRIORITY ALONGSIDE BE A GLOBAL PRIORITY ALONGSIDE OTHERS, SOCIETAL SCALE RISKS OTHERS, SOCIETAL SCALE RISKS SUCH AS PANDEMICS AND NUCLEAR SUCH AS PANDEMICS AND NUCLEAR WAR. WAR. THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR A.I. SAFETY SAYS THE RISKS COME A.I. SAFETY SAYS THE RISKS COME FROM THE INCREDIBLE SPEED OF FROM THE INCREDIBLE SPEED OF DEVELOPMENT AND CONCERNS OF BAD DEVELOPMENT AND CONCERNS OF BAD ACTORS. ACTORS. USING A.I. MALICIOUSLY COULD USING A.I. MALICIOUSLY COULD GET TO A STATE WHERE THE U.S. GET TO A STATE WHERE THE U.S. IS WHERE WE CAN ENJOY IS WHERE WE CAN ENJOY THE POSITIVES. THE POSITIVES. >> IF WE BRING A DEVELOPMENT >> IF WE BRING A DEVELOPMENT TO A MORE CAUTIOUS RISK LEVEL. TO A MORE CAUTIOUS RISK LEVEL. BUT OTHERS SAY ARTIFICIAL BUT OTHERS SAY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE COULD HELP INTELLIGENCE COULD HELP US SOLVE EXISTENTIAL PROBLEMS US SOLVE EXISTENTIAL PROBLEMS LIKE WAR AND DISEASE. LIKE WAR AND DISEASE. SO LET'S TAKE THIS TO OUR GROUP SO LET'S TAKE THIS TO OUR GROUP CHAT ABC NEWS. CHAT ABC NEWS. CONTRIBUTOR, GOOGLE TECH FELLOW CONTRIBUTOR, GOOGLE TECH FELLOW MIKE MIEUX JOINS ME NOW, ALONG MIKE MIEUX JOINS ME NOW, ALONG WITH ABC NEWS NATIONAL SECURITY WITH ABC NEWS NATIONAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE ANALYST AND DEFENSE ANALYST MARCUS MOORE MULROY MARCUS MOORE MULROY AND ABC NEWS CONTRIBUTOR, AND ABC NEWS CONTRIBUTOR, FORMER HOMELAND SECURITY FORMER HOMELAND SECURITY OFFICIAL ELIZABETH NEUMANN. OFFICIAL ELIZABETH NEUMANN. MIKE , I WANT TO START WITH THE MIKE , I WANT TO START WITH THE FOUNDER OF DEEP LEARNING. FOUNDER OF DEEP LEARNING. I SAYS ON TWITTER THAT WHEN IT I SAYS ON TWITTER THAT WHEN IT COMES TO THINGS LIKE PANDEMICS, COMES TO THINGS LIKE PANDEMICS, CLIMATE CHANGE, ASTEROIDS, A.I. CLIMATE CHANGE, ASTEROIDS, A.I. WILL BE A KEY PART OF WILL BE A KEY PART OF THE SOLUTION. THE SOLUTION. SO HE'S ESSENTIALLY SAYING WE SO HE'S ESSENTIALLY SAYING WE SHOULD WANT A.I. TO GO FASTER, SHOULD WANT A.I. TO GO FASTER, NOT SLOWER. NOT SLOWER. >> WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THAT? >> WHAT DO YOU MAKE OF THAT? ABSOLUTELY. ABSOLUTELY. BECAUSE THE MORE FASTER YOU GO, BECAUSE THE MORE FASTER YOU GO, THE BETTER INNOVATION YOU CAN THE BETTER INNOVATION YOU CAN HAVE IN ORDER TO TRY AND DO HAVE IN ORDER TO TRY AND DO YOUR BEST TO PREVENT NATURAL YOUR BEST TO PREVENT NATURAL DISASTERS, TO DO YOUR BEST DISASTERS, TO DO YOUR BEST TO PROTECT AMERICA AND SOCIETY TO PROTECT AMERICA AND SOCIETY FROM ANY THINGS SUCH AS AN FROM ANY THINGS SUCH AS AN ASTEROID. ASTEROID. HOW DO YOU TARGET A MISSILE, HOW DO YOU TARGET A MISSILE, FOR EXAMPLE, TO BE ABLE FOR EXAMPLE, TO BE ABLE TO TARGET THE ASTEROID, BUT TO TARGET THE ASTEROID, BUT ALSO TO HOW CAN YOU PREDICT ALSO TO HOW CAN YOU PREDICT WHEN THE ASH IS ABOUT TO BECOME WHEN THE ASH IS ABOUT TO BECOME CLOSER TO THE EARTH'S SURFACE CLOSER TO THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND OF TIME? AND OF TIME? THAT'S HARD TO READ. THAT'S HARD TO READ. AND SO YOU CAN HAVE BETTER AND SO YOU CAN HAVE BETTER IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEMS YOU CAN DETECT WITH MORE YOU CAN DETECT WITH MORE SPECIFIC WEAKNESS WHERE IT SPECIFIC WEAKNESS WHERE IT COULD POSSIBLY LAND. COULD POSSIBLY LAND. WHERE EXACTLY IF YOU TARGET, WHERE EXACTLY IF YOU TARGET, WHERE WOULD IT LAND? WHERE WOULD IT LAND? IN WHICH OCEAN WILL IT LAND IN WHICH OCEAN WILL IT LAND OVER A BODY OF LAND? OVER A BODY OF LAND? OR MASS ? OR MASS ? AND SO THOSE ARE THE WONDERFUL AND SO THOSE ARE THE WONDERFUL WAYS THAT I COULD A TOOL FOR WAYS THAT I COULD A TOOL FOR GOOD. GOOD. >> SO IN THE WRONG HANDS, IT >> SO IN THE WRONG HANDS, IT COULD BE DANGEROUS. COULD BE DANGEROUS. BUT IN THE RIGHT HANDS, IT BUT IN THE RIGHT HANDS, IT COULD ALSO HELP DEFEND AGAINST COULD ALSO HELP DEFEND AGAINST SOME OF THESE THINGS. SOME OF THESE THINGS. >> YOU GOT IT. >> YOU GOT IT. NOW, ELIZABETH , THE CENTER FOR NOW, ELIZABETH , THE CENTER FOR SAFETY HAS WARNED OF SEVERAL SAFETY HAS WARNED OF SEVERAL WORST CASE SCENARIOS, LIKE WORST CASE SCENARIOS, LIKE SOMEONE USING A.I. TO BUILD SOMEONE USING A.I. TO BUILD CHEMICAL WEAPONS OR TO GENERATE CHEMICAL WEAPONS OR TO GENERATE DISINFORMED THAT DESTABILIZES DISINFORMED THAT DESTABILIZES SOCIETY. SOCIETY. HOW CONCERNING IS THAT AND WHAT HOW CONCERNING IS THAT AND WHAT ARE OFFICIALS DOING TO TRY ARE OFFICIALS DOING TO TRY TO PREVENT IT? TO PREVENT IT? >> IT IT'S VERY CONCERNING. >> IT IT'S VERY CONCERNING. WE SHOULD BE STUDENTS OF WE SHOULD BE STUDENTS OF HISTORY ANY TIME THERE IS GREAT HISTORY ANY TIME THERE IS GREAT TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION, IT TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION, IT CAN IT HAS POWER FOR GREAT CAN IT HAS POWER FOR GREAT GOOD. GOOD. BUT IT ALSO HAS POWER FOR GREAT BUT IT ALSO HAS POWER FOR GREAT HARM. HARM. AND RIGHT NOW, THE CURRENT AND RIGHT NOW, THE CURRENT LANDSCAPE IS THIS IS WILD WEST LANDSCAPE IS THIS IS WILD WEST THERE. THERE. THERE ARE NO REGULATORY SCHEMAS THERE ARE NO REGULATORY SCHEMAS IN PLACE. IN PLACE. AND WE'RE HEARING FROM THE TECH AND WE'RE HEARING FROM THE TECH COMPANIES, HEY, WE NEED THAT. COMPANIES, HEY, WE NEED THAT. AND I THINK WE NEED TO THAT. AND I THINK WE NEED TO THAT. I MEAN, HERE ARE SOME OF I MEAN, HERE ARE SOME OF THE THINGS, RIGHT? THE THINGS, RIGHT? LIKE, REALLY, IT'S THE POWER, LIKE, REALLY, IT'S THE POWER, THE IMAGINATION FOR HOW BAD THE IMAGINATION FOR HOW BAD THIS COULD GO . THIS COULD GO . BUT YOU COULD HAVE NATION STATE BUT YOU COULD HAVE NATION STATE ACTORS OR NON-STATE ACTORS ACTORS OR NON-STATE ACTORS USE A.I. TO DEVELOP NEW WAYS USE A.I. TO DEVELOP NEW WAYS TO DO CHEMICAL ATTACKS, TO DO CHEMICAL ATTACKS, NEW WAYS TO DO CYBERATTACKS, NEW WAYS TO DO CYBERATTACKS, DON'T FORGET THAT CYBERATTACKS DON'T FORGET THAT CYBERATTACKS ARE NOT JUST ABOUT STEALING ARE NOT JUST ABOUT STEALING YOUR MONEY. YOUR MONEY. IT COULD BE DISRUPTING POWER, IT COULD BE DISRUPTING POWER, DISRUPTING WATER, DISRUPTING WATER, ACTUALLY IMPACTING OUR ABILITY ACTUALLY IMPACTING OUR ABILITY TO LIVE OUR DAILY LIVES. TO LIVE OUR DAILY LIVES. SO THERE'S ANY NUMBER OF WAYS SO THERE'S ANY NUMBER OF WAYS IN WHICH THIS COULD GO TERRIBLY IN WHICH THIS COULD GO TERRIBLY WRONG. WRONG. AND IT'S IT'S NOT THAT WE'RE AND IT'S IT'S NOT THAT WE'RE CLOSE TO THAT MOMENT YET. CLOSE TO THAT MOMENT YET. IT'S THAT THERE'S NO THERE'S NO IT'S THAT THERE'S NO THERE'S NO GOVERNING BODY MAKING SURE THAT GOVERNING BODY MAKING SURE THAT THE NEFARIOUS ACTORS DON'T DO THE NEFARIOUS ACTORS DON'T DO THAT. THAT. AND WE NEED TO BE TREATING THIS AND WE NEED TO BE TREATING THIS THE WAY WE TREAT NUCLEAR OR THE WAY WE TREAT NUCLEAR OR BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MAKE BIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND MAKE SURE THAT IT'S USED FOR GOOD SURE THAT IT'S USED FOR GOOD AND NOT FOR HARM. AND NOT FOR HARM. >> MICK, HOW DO THE U.S. >> MICK, HOW DO THE U.S. MILITARY AND OUR ADVERSARIES MILITARY AND OUR ADVERSARIES USE A.I. ON THE BATTLEFIELD USE A.I. ON THE BATTLEFIELD NOW? NOW? GIVEN HOW FAST THIS TECHNOLOGY GIVEN HOW FAST THIS TECHNOLOGY IS DEVELOPING? IS DEVELOPING? >> WHERE DO YOU SEE THAT GOING >> WHERE DO YOU SEE THAT GOING ? ? >> SO I HAD TO GIVE YOU A >> SO I HAD TO GIVE YOU A LITTLE BACKGROUND. LITTLE BACKGROUND. THE U.S. HAS WHAT'S CALLED THE U.S. HAS WHAT'S CALLED THE THIRD OFFSET STRATEGY. THE THIRD OFFSET STRATEGY. IT HAS TO DO WITH TRYING TO GET IT HAS TO DO WITH TRYING TO GET A BIG ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY A BIG ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY OVER ADVERSARIES. OVER ADVERSARIES. THE FIRST WAS NUCLEAR WEAPONS. THE FIRST WAS NUCLEAR WEAPONS. THE SECOND WAS GLOBAL THE SECOND WAS GLOBAL POSITIONING SATELLITES. POSITIONING SATELLITES. PRECISION MUNITIONS. PRECISION MUNITIONS. AND THE THIRD LOOKS LIKE IT'S AND THE THIRD LOOKS LIKE IT'S GOING TO BE ARTIFICIAL GOING TO BE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ATTACHED INTELLIGENCE ATTACHED TO AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES. TO AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES. HOW DO WE USE IT NOW? HOW DO WE USE IT NOW? WE USE IT FOR THINGS LIKE WE USE IT FOR THINGS LIKE IDENTIFYING AN INDIVIDUAL, LIKE IDENTIFYING AN INDIVIDUAL, LIKE A TERRORIST SUSPECT, FOR A TERRORIST SUSPECT, FOR EXAMPLE, BY BEING ABLE EXAMPLE, BY BEING ABLE TO SEARCH THOUSANDS OF PICTURES TO SEARCH THOUSANDS OF PICTURES OF FACES OR VIDEOS OF BASES, IF OF FACES OR VIDEOS OF BASES, IF IT'S FROM A DRONE, TO BE ABLE IT'S FROM A DRONE, TO BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY IT OR IDENTIFYING TO IDENTIFY IT OR IDENTIFYING A THREAT. A THREAT. >> WE MIGHT NOT KNOW WHO IT >> WE MIGHT NOT KNOW WHO IT IS , BUT THEY'RE CARRYING IS , BUT THEY'RE CARRYING A WEAPON IN A PLACE A WEAPON IN A PLACE THEY SHOULDN'T. THEY SHOULDN'T. BUT IT'S ALSO USED FOR MUNDANE BUT IT'S ALSO USED FOR MUNDANE THINGS LIKE TRYING TO PREDICT THINGS LIKE TRYING TO PREDICT MAINTENANCE ON TANKS MAINTENANCE ON TANKS AND AIRCRAFT AND ALL THOSE AND AIRCRAFT AND ALL THOSE THINGS AND SEARCHING COPIOUS THINGS AND SEARCHING COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION, LOOKING AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION, LOOKING FOR POTENTIAL THREATS OR FOR POTENTIAL THREATS OR INFORMATION THAT INFORMATION THAT WHATEVER REASON WE DECIDED WE WHATEVER REASON WE DECIDED WE NEED TO KNOW SOMETHING THAT NEED TO KNOW SOMETHING THAT WOULD TAKE HUNDREDS, IF NOT WOULD TAKE HUNDREDS, IF NOT THOUSANDS OF MAN HOURS TO DO THOUSANDS OF MAN HOURS TO DO SO. SO. IT'S USED SIGNIFICANTLY NOW, IT'S USED SIGNIFICANTLY NOW, BUT IN THE FUTURE IT'S LIKELY BUT IN THE FUTURE IT'S LIKELY TO BE USED IN ALL SORTS OF TO BE USED IN ALL SORTS OF THINGS, INCLUDING DRONE SWARMS THINGS, INCLUDING DRONE SWARMS AND AUTONOMOUS, BASICALLY AND AUTONOMOUS, BASICALLY SUPER SOLDIERS. SUPER SOLDIERS. AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT PEOPLE AND I THINK THAT'S WHAT PEOPLE ARE MOST CONCERNED ABOUT. ARE MOST CONCERNED ABOUT. WHETHER THAT GETS OUT OF WHETHER THAT GETS OUT OF CONTROL AND THERE'S NO CONTROL AND THERE'S NO GOVERNING BODY TO RESTRICT WHAT GOVERNING BODY TO RESTRICT WHAT CAN BE USED AND HOW IT CAN CAN BE USED AND HOW IT CAN BE USED. BE USED. >> AND LIKE ANOTHER WORST CASE >> AND LIKE ANOTHER WORST CASE SCENARIO IS THE POTENTIAL FOR SCENARIO IS THE POTENTIAL FOR HUMANS TO BECOME TOO RELIANT HUMANS TO BECOME TOO RELIANT ON A YOU KNOW, YOU THINK OF ON A YOU KNOW, YOU THINK OF THE MOVIE WISELY, WHERE PEOPLE THE MOVIE WISELY, WHERE PEOPLE EVEN FORGET HOW TO WALK BECAUSE EVEN FORGET HOW TO WALK BECAUSE THEY'RE SO USED TO MACHINES THEY'RE SO USED TO MACHINES DOING EVERYTHING FROM THEM. DOING EVERYTHING FROM THEM. SO HOW DO YOU PREVENT THAT FROM SO HOW DO YOU PREVENT THAT FROM HAPPENING? HAPPENING? HOW DO YOU KEEP A BALANCE HERE? HOW DO YOU KEEP A BALANCE HERE? >> YOU KNOW, I DON'T KNOW IF >> YOU KNOW, I DON'T KNOW IF YOU CAN PREVENT IT'S JUST LIKE YOU CAN PREVENT IT'S JUST LIKE HOW WE ARE ADDICTED HOW WE ARE ADDICTED WITH TECHNOLOGY BECAUSE WITH TECHNOLOGY BECAUSE TECHNOLOGY IS SO FASCINATING. TECHNOLOGY IS SO FASCINATING. TECHNOLOGY, WHEN IT'S DONE WELL TECHNOLOGY, WHEN IT'S DONE WELL IS ALWAYS ABOUT HOW CAN IT IS ALWAYS ABOUT HOW CAN IT BE AT A TO OUR DAILY LIFESTYLE? BE AT A TO OUR DAILY LIFESTYLE? HOW CAN IT BE A COMPLIMENT? HOW CAN IT BE A COMPLIMENT? HOW CAN HELP US BE BETTER HOW CAN HELP US BE BETTER AND HOW CAN IT HELP US EVEN AND HOW CAN IT HELP US EVEN BE MORE ENTERTAINING IF BE MORE ENTERTAINING IF YOU THINK ABOUT THE DIGITAL YOU THINK ABOUT THE DIGITAL STREAMING FORMATS SUCH AS LIKE STREAMING FORMATS SUCH AS LIKE NETFLIX AND HULU, YOU OFTEN NETFLIX AND HULU, YOU OFTEN GET CAUGHT UP IN THE BINGEING GET CAUGHT UP IN THE BINGEING ASPECT. ASPECT. RIGHT? RIGHT? SO THAT CHANGED HOW WE WATCH SO THAT CHANGED HOW WE WATCH TELEVISION. TELEVISION. IF YOU THINK ABOUT IF YOU THINK ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENTS OF CELL PHONES THE DEVELOPMENTS OF CELL PHONES AND HOW ADVANCED CELL PHONES AND HOW ADVANCED CELL PHONES ARE NOW, OUR CELL PHONES ARE ARE NOW, OUR CELL PHONES ARE PRETTY MUCH A MINI LAPTOP IN PRETTY MUCH A MINI LAPTOP IN OUR HANDS. OUR HANDS. MOST OF US SAY THAT WE'RE MOST OF US SAY THAT WE'RE PROBABLY ADDICTED TO ON SOCIAL PROBABLY ADDICTED TO ON SOCIAL MEDIA. MEDIA. WE GET ADDICTED TO SOCIAL MEDIA WE GET ADDICTED TO SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE APPS. AND THE APPS. AND SO IT'S NO DIFFERENT OF AND SO IT'S NO DIFFERENT OF A.I. IN THE SENSE OF HOW IT'S A.I. IN THE SENSE OF HOW IT'S GOING TO BE AN AID TO US. GOING TO BE AN AID TO US. BUT I DON'T SEE IT BEING AS ANY BUT I DON'T SEE IT BEING AS ANY OTHER PRODUCT THAT WE'RE NOT, OTHER PRODUCT THAT WE'RE NOT, QUOTE UNQUOTE, ADDICTED QUOTE UNQUOTE, ADDICTED TO ALREADY. TO ALREADY. ELIZABETH , SOME CRITICS ARE ELIZABETH , SOME CRITICS ARE SAYING THAT ORGANIZATIONS SAYING THAT ORGANIZATIONS CALLING FOR REGULATION CALLING FOR REGULATION ONLY WANT REGULATION THAT ONLY WANT REGULATION THAT FAVORS THEIR OWN COMPANIES. FAVORS THEIR OWN COMPANIES. >> SO HOW SHOULD LAWMAKERS >> SO HOW SHOULD LAWMAKERS GO ABOUT THIS? GO ABOUT THIS? SO I WANT TO ACTUALLY PICK UP SO I WANT TO ACTUALLY PICK UP ON THE POINT THAT MIKE WAS ON THE POINT THAT MIKE WAS MAKING THERE AND SUGGEST THAT MAKING THERE AND SUGGEST THAT WE NEED TO BE REALLY THOUGHTFUL WE NEED TO BE REALLY THOUGHTFUL ABOUT HOW OUR TECHNOLOGY ABOUT HOW OUR TECHNOLOGY IS REWIRING OUR BRAINS IS REWIRING OUR BRAINS AND CHANGING WHAT IT MEANS AND CHANGING WHAT IT MEANS TO BE HUMAN. TO BE HUMAN. >> WE ARE SEEING THAT IT HAS >> WE ARE SEEING THAT IT HAS A PARTICULARLY PROFOUND IMPACT A PARTICULARLY PROFOUND IMPACT ON ADOLESCENTS AND IN THE FIELD ON ADOLESCENTS AND IN THE FIELD I COME FROM OF TERRORISM, WE I COME FROM OF TERRORISM, WE ARE SEEING THAT IT SEEMS TO BE ARE SEEING THAT IT SEEMS TO BE DRIVING VIOLENCE, NOT JUST DRIVING VIOLENCE, NOT JUST THE EXPOSURE TO RADICALIZE THE EXPOSURE TO RADICALIZE MATERIAL ONLINE, BUT IT MATERIAL ONLINE, BUT IT ACTUALLY THE WAY THAT IT'S ACTUALLY THE WAY THAT IT'S CHANGING IDENTITY FORMATION, CHANGING IDENTITY FORMATION, THE WAY THAT IT'S CHANGING THE WAY THAT IT'S CHANGING THE WAY WE INTERACT WITH HUMAN THE WAY WE INTERACT WITH HUMAN BEINGS, IT MIGHT ACTUALLY BE BEINGS, IT MIGHT ACTUALLY BE LEADING US TO BE LESS HUMAN LEADING US TO BE LESS HUMAN AND THEREFORE MORE EASILY AND THEREFORE MORE EASILY AND MORE PRONE TO VIOLENCE. AND MORE PRONE TO VIOLENCE. SO THERE ARE THESE OTHER ALMOST SO THERE ARE THESE OTHER ALMOST PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTIONS THAT WE PHILOSOPHICAL QUESTIONS THAT WE REALLY SHOULD BE GRAPPLING REALLY SHOULD BE GRAPPLING WITH AS HUMANITY. WITH AS HUMANITY. WHAT DO WE WANT TO USE THIS WHAT DO WE WANT TO USE THIS TECHNOLOGY FOR AND NOT JUST LET TECHNOLOGY FOR AND NOT JUST LET IT GO NILLY, BUT AS IT IT GO NILLY, BUT AS IT PERTAINS TO REGULATION, PERTAINS TO REGULATION, CONGRESS NEEDS TO ACT. CONGRESS NEEDS TO ACT. WE DON'T HAVE I DON'T HAVE MUCH WE DON'T HAVE I DON'T HAVE MUCH HOPE THAT CONGRESS IS GOING HOPE THAT CONGRESS IS GOING TO DO SOMETHING UNTIL WE SEE TO DO SOMETHING UNTIL WE SEE REALLY NEGATIVE EFFECTS START REALLY NEGATIVE EFFECTS START TO PLAY OUT THAT THAT TENDS TO PLAY OUT THAT THAT TENDS TO BE WHEN WE SEE CONGRESS ACT, TO BE WHEN WE SEE CONGRESS ACT, UNFORTUNATELY, IS AFTER UNFORTUNATELY, IS AFTER SOMETHING BAD HAS HAPPENED. SOMETHING BAD HAS HAPPENED.